Keywords
Primary Care
Breastfeeding
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first six months is a public health priority, but rates in Spain are below target and insufficient training of healthcare staff hinders its continuation.
Objective: To evaluate breastfeeding (BF) competencies of primary care staff to detect training gaps and prioritize educational actions aligned with IHAN and WHO‑UNICEF standards.
Methods: Descriptive cross‑sectional study targeting professionals from 18 health centers (n=579) using convenience sampling and institutional email contact. An adapted version of the ECoLa questionnaire (26 items) was administered and scores (range 0–21) were grouped into four competency levels.
Results: The overall mean score was 15.5±3.8 (73.9% correct). Sixty‑seven percent reached “Good” or “Excellent” levels and 33% “Insufficient” or “Very deficient.” Midwives and pediatricians obtained the highest scores, while family physicians (FPs) and nursing assistants (TCAE) showed significant deficiencies (p<0.001). Gaps were identified in assessment of latch (TCAE 68% correct), management of mastitis (FPs 72%) and inappropriate recommendation of supplementation (65%). A discrepancy was observed between self‑perceived competence and objective results, along with persistence of professional myths (perceived insufficient milk 58%; fear of supposedly contraindicated drugs 62%).
Conclusions: Significant competency gaps in BF exist, especially among FPs and TCAE. The ECoLa questionnaire is useful to identify deficits and guide training. Practical workshops led by midwives, aligned with IHAN/WHO‑UNICEF, are recommended to strengthen support and promote exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months.
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